Why might a patient undergo lymph node removal?

A patient might undergo lymph node removal primarily to address the potential for cancer to spread, particularly in the context of breast cancer. The axillary lymph nodes are often affected when breast cancer metastasizes, as they are part of the lymphatic system that drains lymph fluid from the breast. If cancer cells are present in these lymph nodes, it can indicate that the cancer has spread beyond the original tumor site. Removing these nodes allows for staging of the cancer, helping to determine the extent of disease and guiding further treatment options.

This surgical intervention is crucial for managing the progression of breast cancer, potentially improving outcomes and survival rates, and is part of comprehensive cancer care.