Which muscles play a role in the movement of the thoracic cage?

The muscles that are critical for the movement of the thoracic cage include the intercostal muscles along with various muscles of the neck and abdomen. Intercostal muscles are situated between the ribs and play a fundamental role in the mechanics of breathing by facilitating the expansion and contraction of the thoracic cavity. When these muscles contract, they elevate the ribcage during inhalation, allowing the lungs to expand and fill with air.

Additionally, muscles of the neck, such as the scalene muscles, assist in the elevation of the first and second ribs, contributing to the overall movements of the thoracic cage. The abdominal muscles, including the rectus abdominis, play a role primarily during forced exhalation, aiding in the reduction of thoracic volume.

In contrast, the other options contain muscles that are either not primary contributors to the motion of the thoracic cage or have a less direct role in the mechanics of breathing and thoracic movements. This highlights the specific and functional involvement of intercostal muscles and selected neck and abdominal muscles in optimizing the respiratory movements of the thoracic cage.