Where is a sternal puncture usually performed?

A sternal puncture, which is often done to obtain bone marrow for diagnostic purposes, is typically performed in the upper third of the sternal body in the midline. This location is chosen because it is generally the safest area with the least risk of injury to underlying structures such as the heart and great vessels. The upper third of the sternum has a shorter distance to the marrow of the sternum, allowing for easier access to marrow tissue. By approaching in the midline, the practitioner minimizes potential complications associated with lateral punctures, including puncturing the lungs or major blood vessels. This technique is critical for procedures like bone marrow aspiration or biopsy, which are essential for diagnosing various blood disorders or cancers.