What is one cause of thoracic outlet syndrome?

Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) occurs when there is compression of the neurovascular structures that traverse the thoracic outlet, which can lead to symptoms such as pain, numbness, and weakness in the upper extremities. One prominent cause of this condition is the presence of a cervical rib. A cervical rib is an extra rib that forms from the first cervical vertebra and can alter the anatomy of the thoracic outlet, leading to compression of the brachial plexus or subclavian vessels. This anatomical variation can narrow the space in the thoracic outlet, making it a significant contributor to TOS.

Other causes may involve postural issues, repetitive overhead activity, or trauma, but the presence of a cervical rib distinctly demonstrates the anatomical anomalies that can lead to thoracic outlet syndrome. Understanding this helps in diagnosing and managing the syndrome effectively, especially since addressing the cervical rib can be a crucial part of treatment.